Repositorio Oncológico

El repositorio nacional de oncología de Panamá es una plataforma dedicada a la preservación y acceso abierto de la producción científica, técnica y educativa sobre el cáncer en el país. Su objetivo principal es organizar de manera sistemática los recursos relacionados con la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento y control de esta enfermedad.

Se distribuye bajo un modelo jerárquico que permite una clasificación desde áreas generales hasta temas altamente específicos. Este sistema de ordenamiento se fundamenta en los estándares del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer (NCI), lo que asegura una terminología normalizada que facilita el intercambio de información entre científicos y clínicos.

Photo by Valli de la Guardia | FotoCiencia (SENACYT)

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Investigación Oncológica en Panamá
Contiene la producción científica relacionada con el estudio del cáncer, sus causas, mecanismos biológicos, terapias y resultados clínicos.
Tipos de Cáncer
Agrupa la información científica, técnica y educativa organizada por tipo de cáncer, con base en la clasificación del National Cancer Institute (NCI) adaptada al español.

Recent Submissions

Características clínicas de pacientes con tumores de células de la granulosa del ovario en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional.
(Revista Médica de Panamá, 2025-10-14) Lasso de la Vega, Jorge; García, Valeria; Sáenz, Roberto; Shaw, Andrea; Castrejón, María; Gutiérrez, Gresky
Los tumores de las células de la granulosa (TCG) son poco frecuentes y representan sólo alrededor del 5 % de todos los cánceres de ovario. Se ha publicado acerca de los tumores epiteliales y los germinales recientemente en Panamá, pero falta información acerca de los TGC lo que motiva esta investigación. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo de los casos evaluados en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional (ION) entre los años 2012 y 2022. Hubo 90 casos y se incluyeron todos. La mediana de edad fue 47,5 años. La etapa FIGO IA fue la más frecuente con 43 casos. La presentación clínica inicial más común fue el dolor abdominal. La mayoría de las pacientes recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico y no recibieron quimioterapia. 10 de las pacientes tuvieron recurrencia, y de ellas, 9 murieron al momento del cierre del estudio. Los resultados obtenidos son similares a los registrados en la literatura médica, pero con una frecuencia un poco más alta en relación a los tumores de origen epitelial.
FLABRA, Frontline Approach for BRCA Testing in an Ovarian Cancer Population: A Latin America Epidemiologic Study
(Future Oncology, 2021-01-08) Giornelli, Gonzalo; Gallardo, Dolores; Hegg, Roberto; Gómez, Gonzalo; De La Vega, Máximo; Lim-Law, María; Cáceres, Valeria; Trujillo, Lina; Estevez, María; Pacheco, Cristian; Sganga, Leonardo; Goncalves, Susana
Aim: FLABRA evaluated the prevalence of BRCA mutations, genetic counseling and management approaches in patients with ovarian cancer in Latin America. Patients & methods: Patients with ovarian cancer from six Latin–American countries were enrolled. Tumor samples were tested for BRCA mutations (BRCAmut). In cases with BRCAmut, blood samples were analyzed to determine germline versus somatic mutations. Medical records were reviewed for counseling approach and treatment plan. Results: From 472 patients enrolled, 406 samples yielded conclusive results: 282 were BRCA wild-type (BRCAwt), 115 were BRCAmut and nine were variants of uncertain significance. In total, 110/115 were tested for germline mutations (77 germline and 33 somatic). Conclusion: Tumor testing to identify mutations in BRCA1/2 in ovarian cancer can help optimize treatment choices, meaning fewer patients require germline testing and genetic counseling, a scant resource in Latin America. Clinical trial registration: NCT02984423 (ClinicalTrials.gov)
Experience with Sorafenib in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated at the National Cancer Institute of Panama (Sorafen Study)
(International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research, 2021-01-25) Domínguez, Ronald; Pinto-Llerena, José
Sorafenib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor that increases survival and delays tumor progression in patients with advanced hepatocarcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to determine the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and to analyze OS-related factors in this population between 2014 and 2019. We performed a retrospective review of patients with advanced HCC who were treated with sorafenib at the National Cancer Institute of Panama (Instituto Oncologico Nacional de Panama – IONP) from January 2014 to December 2019. The data were collected from electronic health records of the IONP. In total, 77 patients with a mean age of 65 years were analyzed. Sixty-three percent of the patients were men, and most of them had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 1 and had not undergone any prior treatment. Forty-four percent patients had Child-Pugh Class A. The most frequent progression site was the liver (27%), followed by the lungs. Mean PFS was 1 month, and mean OS was 3 months. The clinical benefit was 39% and Overall response rate was 3,9%; for those with stable disease, it was 35,1%, and 3,9% showed a partial response. More encouraging results were obtained from patients with higher functional statuses (ECOG status 0-1) and who were in milder stages of liver disease (Child-Pugh Class A). The most common adverse events were fatigue, hand-foot syndrome, nausea and vomiting, and arterial hypertension. The survival results assessed in our institution for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib are below of those published in the literature; however, after selecting the cases with ECOG 0-1 and Child A stage, our results were more in line with those of the international literature, being the most important prognostic factors in our patients. Fatigue and hand-foot syndrome were the most common adverse events. The key to the success of this therapy lies in an adequate selection of patients.
Human monkeypox disease (MPX)
(Le Infezioni in Medicina, 2022-07-24) Abdelmoez, Ramadan; Sah, Ranjit; El-Sakka, Amro; Benmelouka, Amira; Kundu, Mrinmoy; Labieb, Fatma; Shaheen, Rahma; Franco-Paredes, Carlos; Henao, Andrés; Garout, Mohammed; León, Darwin; Pachar, Mónica; Suárez, José; Ramírez, Juan; Paniz, Alberto; Rabaan, Ali; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar; Nishiura, Hiroshi; Ortíz, Yeimer; García, Juan; Cimerman, Sergio; Barbosa, Alexandre; Pagliano, Pasquale; Zambrano, Gabriela; Cardona, Jaime; Bizova, Beatrice; Rodríguez, Alfonso
Monkeypox is a rare viral infection, endemic in many central and western African countries. The last international outbreak of monkeypox reported outside Africa occurred back in 2003. However, monkeypox has reemerged at a global scale with numerous confirmed cases across the globe in 2022. The rapid spread of cases through different countries has raised serious concerns among public health officials worldwide prompting accelerated investigations aimed to identify the origins and cause of the rapid expansion of cases. The current situation is reminiscent of the very early stages of the still ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Overlapping features between these, two seemingly alike viral entities include the possibility for airborne transmission and the currently unexplained and rapid spread across borders. Early recognition of cases and timely intervention of potential transmission chains are necessary to contain further outbreaks. Measures should include rapid and accurate diagnosis of cases meeting case definitions, active surveillance efforts, and appropriate containment of confirmed cases. Governments and health policymakers must apply lessons learned from previous outbreaks and start taking active steps toward limiting the recent global spread of monkeypox. Herein, we discuss the status of the current monkeypox outbreaks worldwide, the epidemiological and public health situation at a global scale and what can be done to keep at bay its further expansion and future global implications.
Preference for the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer (PHranceSCa): A randomised, open-label phase II study
(European Journal of Cancer, 2021-06-16) O'Shaughnessy, Joyce; Sousa, Susana; Cruz, Josefina; Fallowfield, Lesley; Auvinen, Päivi; Pulido, Catarina; Cvetanovic, Ana; Wilks, Sharon; Ribeiro, Leonor; Burotto, Mauricio; Klingbiel, Dirk; Messeri, Dimitri; Alexandrou, Ari; Trask, Peter; Fredriksson, Judy; Machackova, Zuzana; Stamatovic, Ljiljana
Aim The aim of the study was to assess patient preference for the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection (PH FDC SC) in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer in PHranceSCa (NCT03674112). Materials and methods Patients who completed neoadjuvant P + H + chemotherapy + surgery were randomised 1:1 to three intravenous (IV) P + H cycles followed by three cycles of PH FDC SC or vice versa (crossover) and then chose subcutaneous (SC) injection or IV infusion to continue up to 18 cycles (continuation). Assessments were via patient and healthcare professional (HCP) questionnaires. Results One hundred and sixty patients were randomised (cut-off: 24 February 2020); 136 (85.0%, 95% confidence interval: 78.5–90.2%) preferred SC; 22 (13.8%) preferred IV; 2 (1.3%) had no preference. The main reasons for SC preference were reduced clinic time (n = 119) and comfort during administration (n = 73). One hundred and forty-one patients (88.1%) were very satisfied/satisfied with SC injection versus 108 (67.5%) with IV infusion; 86.9% chose PH FDC SC continuation. HCP perceptions of median patient treatment room time ranged from 33.0–50.0 min with SC and 130.0–300.0 min with IV. Most adverse events (AEs) were grade 1/2 (no 4/5s); serious AE rates were low. AE rates before and after switching were similar (cycles 1–3 IV → cycles 4–6 SC: 77.5% → 72.5%; cycles 1–3 SC → cycles 4–6 IV: 77.5% → 63.8%). Conclusion Most patients strongly preferred PH FDC SC over P + H IV. PH FDC SC was generally well tolerated, with no new safety signals (even when switching), and offers a quicker alternative to IV infusion.